Advances in Bio-based Fiber: Moving Towards a Green Society (The Textile Institute Book Series) 1st Edition
By Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Madhu Puttegowda, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, Suchart Siengchin and Sergey Gorbatyuk
Contents:
List of contributors xv
Preface xxiii
1 Introduction to bio-based fibers and their composites 1
Madhu, J. Praveenkumara, M.R. Sanjay, Suchart Siengchin and Sergey Gorbatyuk
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Cellulose/hemicellulose fibers 2
1.3 Protein fibers 6
1.4 Biocomposites 7
1.5 Applications 13
1.6 Conclusion 13
References 14
2 Synthesis and surface treatments of bio-based fibers 21
Lalit Ranakoti and Brijesh Gangil
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Extraction of bio-based fibers 24
2.3 Chemical modification of bio-based fibers 27
2.4 Conclusion 30
References 30
3 Properties of bio-based fibers 33
Ing Kong
3.1 Introduction 33
3.2 Type of bio-based fibers 35
3.3 Properties of bio-based fibers 40
3.4 Application of bio-based fiber reinforced composites 54
3.5 Challenges/issues 55
3.6 Conclusions 56
References 56
4 Preparation methods of biofiber-based polymer composites 65
Siti Norasmah Surip, Siti Nuramirah Rabbani Muhammad, Mohd Nazarudin Zakaria, Ernie Suzana Ali and Judith Gisip
4.1 Introduction 65
4.2 Layup 65
4.3 Layer-by-layer 66
4.4 Compression molding 67
4.5 Injection molding 68
4.6 Extrusion molding 69
4.7 Resin transfer molding 70
4.8 Spinning 71
4.9 Melt mix 77
4.10 3D printing 79
4.11 Inkjet printing 79
4.12 Vacuum bagging 81
4.13 Vacuum infusion 82
4.14 Roll-to-roll 82
4.15 Solvent casting 83
4.16 In situ polymerization 85
4.17 One pot directed synthesis 86
4.18 Freeze-drying 87
4.19 Micropatterned 88
4.20 Sol_gel techniques 88
References 89
5 Static mechanical properties of biofiber-based polymer composites 97
Muhammad Muzammil Azad, Mohsin Ejaz, Atta ur Rehman Shah, Kamran Afaq and Jung-il Song
List of abbreviations 97
5.1 Introduction 97
5.2 Biofiber reinforced polymers 99
5.3 Static mechanical properties 104
5.4 Improvement techniques 118
5.5 Conclusions 125
Acknowledgment 125
References 126
6 Thermal properties of biofiber-based polymer composites 141
Rejeesh C. Rajendran
6.1 Introduction 141
6.2 Thermal stability of biofibers 143
6.3 Thermal stability of thermoset polymer composites 146
6.4 Thermal stability of thermoplastic polymer composites 150
6.5 Thermal stability of biopolymer composites 152
6.6 Conclusion 153
References 153
7 Dielectric properties of biofiber-based polymer composites 159
Prateek and Raju Kumar Gupta
7.1 Introduction 159
7.2 Dielectrics 160
7.3 Biodegradable biocomposites 168
7.4 Literature review 172
7.5 Summary and future perspective 182
Notes 183
Acknowledgments 183
References 184
Further reading 185
8 Tribological properties of biofiber-based polymer composites 193
Partha Pratim Das and Vijay Chaudhary
8.1 Introduction 193
8.2 Tribological analysis of biofiber-based polymer composites 196
8.3 Tribometers 197
8.4 Frictional analysis of biofiber-based polymer composites 198
8.5 Wear analysis of biofiber-based polymer composites 200
8.6 Tribological properties 203
8.7 Effect of temperature on biofiber-based polymer composites
during tribological analysis 203
8.8 Conclusion 206
References 207
9 Advances and applications of biofiber-based polymer composites 213
Nur-Us-Shafa Mazumder, Rashed Al Mizan and Mohammad Irfan Iqbal
9.1 Introduction 213
9.2 Characteristics of biofiber for polymer composites 214
9.3 Characteristics of polymer for biofiber-based polymer composites 216
9.4 Manufacturing techniques of biofiber-based polymer composites 220
9.5 Techniques used for performance evaluation 227
9.6 Application of biofiber-based polymer composites 229
9.7 Conclusion 230
References 231
10 Optimization of parametric study on drilling characteristics of sheep wool reinforced composites 237
K.N. Bharath, S.G. Dileepkumar, G.B. Manjunatha, S.J. Amith Kumar, Indran and B.S. Binoj
10.1 Introduction 237
10.2 Experimental details 238
10.3 Result and discussions 240
10.4 Conclusion 246
References 247
11 Investigating the tribological behavior of biofiber-based polymer
composites and scope of computational tools 249
Titus Thankachan, V. Kavimani and P.M. Gopal
11.1 Introduction 249
11.2 Computational methods used 250
11.3 Computational methods used 257
11.4 Conclusion 259
References 260
12 Properties of filler added biofiber-based polymer composite 263
P.M. Gopal, V. Kavimani and Titus Thankachan
12.1 Introduction 263
12.2 Fabrication methodologies 263
12.3 Hand layup method 265
12.4 Compression molding 265
12.5 Extrusion molding 265
12.6 Properties of filler added biofiber composites 266
12.7 Conclusion 271
References 271
13 Advances and applications of biofiber polymer composites in regenerative medicine 275
Dillip Kumar Bishi, Santosh S. Mathapati, Priyadarshini Padhi,
K.S. Venkataprasanna, Hariharan Ezhilarasu, Raghavendra Ramalingam,
Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim and Jayarama Reddy Venugopal
13.1 Introduction 275
13.2 Fabrication of biofibers 277
13.3 Electrospinning 278
13.4 Liver tissue engineering 279
13.5 Biofibers for two-dimensional hepatic tissue engineering 280
13.6 Biofibers for 3D hepatic tissue engineering 282
13.7 Cardiac tissue engineering 283
13.8 Vascular tissue engineering 285
13.9 Skin tissue engineering 287
13.10 Bone tissue engineering 292
13.11 Biofibers in drug delivery 296
13.12 Polymeric biofibers used in drug delivery 297
13.13 Conclusion 302
13.14 Future perspectives 303
13.15 Acknowledgment 303
References 304
14 Keratin-based biofibers and their composites 315
Ramesh, L. Rajeshkumar, D. Balaji and V. Bhuvaneswari
14.1 Introduction 315
14.2 Extraction methods of keratin fibers 318
14.3 Manufacturing of keratin-based biocomposites 320
14.4 Properties of keratin-based biocomposites 322
14.5 Applications of keratin-based composites 327
14.6 Conclusion 329
References 330
15 Biofiber composites in building and construction 335
K.M. Mini, Dhanya Sathyan and K. Jayanarayanan
15.1 Introduction 335
15.2 Types of biofibers in construction 337
15.3 Applications of biofiber composites in construction 342
15.4 Conclusion and future outlook 354
References 354
16 Evaluating biofibers’ properties and products by NIR spectroscopy 367
Lı´via Ribeiro Costa, Fernanda Maria Guedes Ramalho and Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein
16.1 Introduction 367
16.2 Near infrared spectroscopy 367
16.3 Applications of NIR spectroscopy in wood 369
16.4 Challenges of applying NIR technology in forest-based industries 384
References 386
17 Impact strength retention and service life prediction of 0 degree
laminate jute fiber woven mat reinforced epoxy composites 393
Tottyeapalayam Palanisamy Sathishkumar, Subramani Satheeshkumar and Palanisamy Navaneethakrishnan
17.1 Introduction 393
17.2 Methodology of the present research work 395
17.3 Materials 396
17.4 Preparation of composites 396
17.5 Artificial aging of composites 397
17.6 Impact properties 398
17.7 Scanning electronic microscopy 398
17.8 Results and discussion 399
17.9 Conclusion 404
Reference 405
18 Acoustic and mechanical properties of biofibers and their composites 407
Hasan Koruk, Busra Koc and Garip Genc
18.1 Introduction 407
18.2 Acoustic properties 409
18.3 Mechanical properties 419
18.4 Parameters affecting the acoustic and mechanical properties of biomaterials 431
18.5 Current applications and potential usage areas of natural fibers 436
18.6 Conclusion 437
Acknowledgments 438
References 438
19 Identification of the elastic and damping properties of jute and
luffa fiber-reinforced biocomposites 447
Hasan Koruk, Yusuf Saygili, Garip Genc and Kenan Y. Sanliturk
19.1 Introduction 447
19.2 Materials and methods 449
19.3 Results and discussion 455
19.4 Conclusions 467
Acknowledgment 468
References 469
20 Tribological characterization of biofiber-reinforced brake friction composites 475
Vijay, S. Manoharan, B. Surya Rajan and Saroj Kumar Sarangi
20.1 Introduction 475
20.2 Materials and methods 476
20.3 Results and discussions 479
20.4 Conclusions 484
References 484
21 Investigation of the mechanical properties of treated and
untreated Vachellia farnesiana fiber based epoxy composites 487
Vijay, D. Jafrey Daniel James and Saroj Kumar Sarangi
21.1 Introduction 487
21.2 Materials and methods 488
21.3 Results and discussions 489
21.4 Conclusions 495
References 495
22 Study on the degradation behavior of natural fillers based PLA composites 499
Adarsh Chaturvedi and Pawan Kumar Rakesh
22.1 Introduction 499
22.2 Biopolymer 500
22.3 Fabrication of composites 501
22.4 Degradation mechanism of composites 501
22.5 Results and discussions 504
22.6 Conclusions 506
References 506
23 Fabrication technology of biofiber-based biocomposites 511
Sanjiv Sonkaria, Soo-Kyung Hwang and Hyun Joong Kim
23.1 Introduction 511
23.2 Scale in the hierarchical path to behavior and function in nanocellulose 515
23.3 The basics: cellulose architecture and underlying stability 516
23.4 Intrinsic behavior of biomaterials: a path to understanding
material topological properties in biocomposites 521
23.5 Methods for probing bond-type contributions in adhesion and
their correlation to key states of matter in surface energetics 522
23.6 Fabrication of biocomposites—surface considerations 535
23.7 Approaches to fabrication of biocomposites 536
23.8 Concluding comments 546
References 547
24 Rheological properties of biofibers in cementitious composite matrix 553
Stefanidou, V. Kamperidou, A. Konstandinidis, P. Koltsou and Papadopoulos
24.1 Introduction 553
24.2 Experimental part 556
24.3 Conclusions 570
References 570
25 Advances and applications of biofiber-based polymer composites 575
Manan Gupta, Akshat Jain, Jagath Narayana Kamineni and Ramesh Gupta Burela
25.1 Introduction 575
25.2 Classification based on industry sector 576
25.3 The green industry 581
25.4 Advancement in pretreatment/modification of biocomposite 584
25.5 New advances in numerical analysis of biocomposites 586
25.6 Manufacturing of biocomposites 589
References 595
26 Future scope of biofiber-based polymer composites 603
Kavimani, P.M. Gopal and Titus Thankachan
26.1 Introduction 603
26.2 Scope of biofiber-based polymer composites in various
applications 606
26.3 Conclusion 612
References 613
27 Engineering applications of biofibers 619
Gagan Sharma, Bhargav Reddy Isanaka and Vinod Kushvaha
27.1 Introduction 619
27.2 Plant-based biofibers 624
27.3 Structure of biofibers 624
27.4 Chemical constituents of plant-based biofibers 626
27.5 Physical and mechanical properties of biofibers 628
27.6 Advantages and disadvantages of biofibers 629
27.7 Modifications of biofibers 631
27.8 Applications of biofibers 632
27.9 Recent studies of biofibers 632
27.10 Future scope of biofibers 632
27.11 Conclusion 637
References 637
28 Performance of cementitious composites incorporating coconut
fibers as reinforcement 645
Adeyemi Adesina
28.1 Introduction 645
28.2 Coconut fibers 646
28.3 Properties of cementitious composites reinforced with
coconut fibers 646
28.4 Conclusions 657
References 658
29 The effect of modified natural fibers on the mechanical
properties of cementitious composites 661
Adeyemi Adesina
29.1 Introduction 661
29.2 Fiber modifications 662
29.3 Conclusions 670
References 671
30 Challenges and solutions for the use of natural fibers in
cementitious composites 675
Adeyemi Adesina
30.1 Introduction 675
30.2 Challenges and solutions for the use of natural fibers in
cementitious composites 676
30.3 Conclusions 683
References 683
31 Biofibers of papaya tree bast: a statistical study of the
mechanical properties for use potential in polymeric composites 687
Caroliny Santos, Thiago Santos, Ernesto Manicoba and
Marcos Aquino
31.1 Introduction 687
31.2 Materials and methods 688
31.3 Results and discussions 691
31.4 Conclusions 699
Acknowledgments 701
References 701
32 Coir fiber as reinforcement in cement-based materials 707
Ronaldo Soares Teixeira, Lina Bufalino, Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli,
Sergio Francisco dos Santos and Holmer Savastano Junior
32.1 Introduction 707
32.2 The Cocos nucifera: a worldwide spread and multiple-use
species 707
32.3 The coir fibers in the coconut fruit and potential applications 708
32.4 The features of the coir fibers 710
32.5 Pretreatments of the coir fibers for compatibility improvement 711
32.6 Production of cement-based composites reinforced with the
coconut coir fibers 714
32.7 Conclusion 732
References 733
33 Environmental impact analysis of plant fibers and their composites relative
to their synthetic counterparts based on life cycle assessment approach 741
Ahmad Y. Al-Maharma, Sandeep P. Patil and Bernd Markert
33.1 Introduction 741
33.2 The ecological impacts of synthetic reinforcements 743
33.3 The ecological impacts of natural reinforcements 751
33.4 The industrial applications of plant fiber composites and
their impacts on the environment 764
33.5 Conclusion 769
Acknowledgment 770
References 770
Index 783