Water in Textiles and Fashion: Consumption, Footprint, and Life Cycle Assessment PDF Edited by Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

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Water in Textiles and Fashion: Consumption, Footprint, and Life Cycle Assessment

Edited by Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

Water in textiles and fashion_ consumption, footprint, and life cycle assessment

Contents

Contributors ix

Editor’s Biography xiii

1 Introduction—Water 1

Senthil Kumar, P.R. Yaashikaa

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Water and its sources 2

1.3 Science of water 3

1.4 Water consumption and use 5

1.5 Water withdrawal 9

1.6 Water pollution 9

1.7 Water shortage 15

1.8 Current challenges 17

1.9 Conclusion 19

References 19

2 Water and Textiles 21

Senthil Kumar, K. Grace Pavithra

2.1 Introduction 21

2.2 General process in dying industry 22

2.3 Water consumption in textiles 25

2.4 Water consumption in life cycle phases of textile products 30

2.5 Fiber production phase 33

2.6 Challenges and opportunities 35

2.7 Conclusion 38

References 38

3 Water consumption in textile processing and sustainable approaches for its conservation 41

Kartick K. Samanta, Pintu Pandit, Pratick Samanta, Santanu Basak

3.1 Introduction 41

3.2 Fiber, dye and process wise water requirement 43

3.3 Strategies for reduction of water consumption in textile processing 45

3.4 Textile processing using different irradiation techniques 53

3.5 Effluent generation and treatment 54

3.6 Conclusion and the future prospects 56

References 57

4 Water withdrawal and conservation—Global scenario 61

Senthil Kumar, C. Femina Carolin

4.1 Introduction 61

4.2 Water withdrawal and conservation—a global scenario 63

4.3 Global laws for water withdrawal 68

4.4 Standards for water withdrawal and consumption 69

4.5 Challenges and opportunities 70

4.6 Conclusion 72

References 73

Further reading 75

5 Water footprint management in the fashion supply chain: A review

of emerging trends and research challenges 77

Eirini Aivazidou, Naoum Tsolakis

5.1 Introduction 77

5.2 Literature background 79

5.3 Trends and challenges for water footprint management

in fashion supply chains 84

5.4 Discussion and conclusions 87

References 89

6 Water footprint in fashion and luxury industry 95

Alice Brenot, C_ecile Chuffart, Ivan Coste-Manie`re, Manon Deroche,

Eva Godat, Laura Lemoine, Mukta Ramchandani, Eleonora Sette,

Caroline Tornaire

6.1 Introduction 95

6.2 The impact of the fashion industry on water resources 97

6.3 Water awareness in luxury and fashion 99

6.4 Solutions 106

6.5 A favorable context 110

6.6 Overview of African fashion and luxury: Showing the way! 110

6.7 Conclusion and challenges 111

References 112

Further reading 112

7 Analysis of water consumption and potential savings in a cotton

textile dye house in Denizli, Turkey 115

Fatma Filiz Yıldırım, Barış Hasc¸elik, Şaban Yumru, Sema Palamutcu

7.1 Introduction 115

7.2 Literature review 118

7.3 Method 120

7.4 General findings 127

7.5 Conclusion 133

References 133

Further reading 134

8 Water conservation in textile wet processing 135

Gopalakrishnan, V. Punitha, D. Saravanan

8.1 Introduction 135

8.2 Low wet pickup techniques 135

8.3 Foam finishing 140

8.4 Cold pad batch method 142

8.5 Dyeing machines 142

8.6 Reduction of water in washing treatment 143

8.7 Solvent dyeing 143

8.8 Environmental effects and waste minimization 148

8.9 Conclusion 150

References 150

9 Water requirement and sustainability of textile processing industries 155

A.S.M. Raja, A. Arputharaj, Sujata Saxena, P.G. Patil

9.1 Introduction 155

9.2 Sustainability 156

9.3 Water availability in India 157

9.4 Water-conserving techniques for textile wet processing 161

9.5 Waterless chemical processing of textiles 167

9.6 Conclusion 170

References 171

10 Advances in the sustainable technologies for water conservation in textile industries 175

Luqman Jameel Rather, Salman Jameel, Ovas Ahmad Dar,

Showkat Ali Ganie, Khursheed Ahmad Bhat, Faqeer Mohammad

10.1 Introduction 175

10.2 Importance of water conservation in textiles 176

10.3 Sustainable strategies for water conservation in textiles 180

10.4 Challenges and opportunities for textiles and fashion 188

10.5 Conclusion 189

Acknowledgments 189

References 189

Further reading 194

Index 195

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