Logistics 4.0 and Future of Supply Chains (Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application) 2022
By Ismail ˙Iyigün and Ömer Faruk Görçün
Contents:
Part I Introduction Chapter
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
˙Ismail ˙Iyigün and Ömer Faruk Görçün
Part II Logistics 4.0 and Future of the Supply Chains
2 Logistics 4.0 and Technologic Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Barı¸s Öztuna
3 Technology, Supply Chain, and Logistics Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
˙Ismail ˙Iyigün
4 A General View of Big Data and Machine Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Özhan Görçün and Hande Küçükönder
5 3D Printing and Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Ay¸segül N. Bayraktar
6 Autonomous Robots and Utilization in Logistics Process . . . . . . . . . . 83
Ömer Faruk Görçün
7 Warehousing 4.0 in Logistics 4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Mahmut Tutam
8 Cloud Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Evrencan Özcan and Tamer Eren
9 Logistics, Supply Chains and Smart Factories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Hazar Dördüncü
10 Internet of Things (IoT) in Marketing Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Ezgi Uzel Aydınocak
11 Integrated Systems and Utilization in Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Haci Mehmet Alaka¸s and Tamer Eren
Part III Future of Industries and Applications
12 Sustainability and Industry 4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Mustafa Özan
13 Finance and Cost Management in the Process of Logistics 4.0 . . . . . 215
Lokman Kantar
14 The Effects of Industry 4.0 Components on the Tourism Sector . . . . 235
Gülüm Burcu Dalkiran
15 The Problem of Employment and Growth in the Fourth Industrial Revolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Duygu Yücel
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
List of Figures:
Fig. 2.1 Stages of the industrial revolution. Source Dyson (2018). Mind the Gap—Industry 4.0 and the Future of Manufacturing.
https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/mind-gapindustry- 4-0-future-manufacturing-1665243. Accessed 25 June 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Fig. 2.2 Micro perspective of Industry 4.0. Source Stock and Selinger (2016). Opportunities of Sustainable Manufacturing in In-dustry 4.0. 13th Global
Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing—Decoupling Growth from Resource Use. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/820
23214.pdf Accessed 12 May 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Fig. 2.3 Technologies of Industry 4.0. Source Badaraite (2016). Welcome to the Future: Industry 4.0. https://www.hyl
asoft.com/en/posts/welcome-to-the-future-industry-4-0. Accessed 5 May 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Fig. 2.4 Stylized driverless truck operating environment (with optional control center). Source: International Transport Forum (2017). Managing the
Transition to Driverless Road Freight Transport. https://www.itfoecd. org/managing-transition-driverless-road-freight-tra
nsport. Accessed 19 May 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Fig. 2.5 Application of IoT technology in the logistics industry. Source DHL&Cisco (2015). Internet of Things Logistics.
http://www.dhl.com/content/dam/Local_Images/g0/
New_aboutus/innovation/DHLTrendReport_Internet_of_
things.pdf Accessed 15 May 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Fig. 2.6 The logistics trend radar 2016. Source DHL (2016).
Logistics Trend Radar http://www.dhl.com/content/dam/
downloads/g0/about_us/logistics_insights/dhl_logistics_ trend_radar_2016.pdf Accessed 7 May 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Fig. 3.1 Basic Structure of Industry 4.0 (Schmidt 2013) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Fig. 3.2 Evolution of Logistics (Galindo 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Fig. 3.3 Number of publications related to industry 4.0 between 2013–2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Fig. 3.4 Industry 4.0 components used in logistics 4.0 applications . . . . 43
Fig. 3.5 Industry 4.0 components used in SCM 4.0 applications . . . . . . . 44
Fig. 4.1 5 V of big data system (Url 2 2020) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Fig. 4.2 The main procedure of machine learning approaches (Wei et al. 2019) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 54
Fig. 4.3 An example of ANN (Maind and Wankar 2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fig. 4.4 The flowchart of search procedure of GA (Gholamia et al. 2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Fig. 4.5 A basic decision trees (Aytekin et al., 2018) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Fig. 5.1 3D printed products (Ho 2020; Carlota 2019; Danova 2019; Bendix 2019) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Fig. 5.2 Materials for 3D object formation (DHL 2016, p. 5) . . . . . . . . . 65
Fig. 5.3 Materials used in 3D printing (Sculpteo 2019, p. 8) . . . . . . . . . . 66
Fig. 5.4 3D printing technologies (Sculpteo 2019, p. 9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Fig. 5.5 SLS, FDM, SLA processes respectively (Thompson et al. 2017, p. 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Fig. 5.6 How 3D printers are utilized (Leering 2017, p. 4) . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Fig. 5.7 Question and the distribution of the answers
for the interaction of the 3D printing and supply chain (Manners-Bell and Lyon 2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Fig. 6.1 Typical material handling robots in warehouses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Fig. 6.2 Mobile shelves and carrier robots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Fig. 6.3 Autonomous robotics in warehouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Fig. 7.1 The four stages of the warehousing revolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Fig. 7.2 The four levels of warehouse handling systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Fig. 7.3 Bulk storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Fig. 7.4 Mechanical system examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Fig. 7.5 Horizontal storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Fig. 7.6 Electro-mechano system examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Fig. 7.7 Vertical storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Fig. 7.8 Automated system examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Fig. 7.9 Dense and high-level storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Fig. 7.10 Autonomous system examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Fig. 7.11 Chaotic and compact storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Fig. 7.12 Roboticmobile fulfillment system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Fig. 7.13 Autonomous vehicle storage and retrieval system . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Fig. 7.14 Compact storage and retrieval system (AutoStore) . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Fig. 7.15 Compact storage and retrieval system (GridStore) . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Fig. 7.16 Collaborative robot system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Fig. 8.1 ANP algorithm steps. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 123
Fig. 8.2 TOPSIS algorithm steps. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Fig. 8.3 COPRAS algorithm steps. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Fig. 8.4 Flowchart of the problem. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Fig. 8.5 Network structure. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Fig. 8.6 Hierarchical structure. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Fig. 8.7 Sorting alternatives according to TOPSIS method. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Fig. 8.8 Sorting alternatives according to COPRAS method. Source This figure was drawn by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Fig. 9.1 The four industrial revolutions (Spectral Engines 2018) . . . . . . 138
Fig. 9.2 Smart factory components (Chakraborty 2018) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Fig. 10.1 Journey of IoT. Source DHL Trend Research (2015) . . . . . . . . . 157
Fig. 10.2 Internet of Things. Source Salazar (2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Fig. 10.3 Benefits of using IoT in SCM functions. Source Mostafa et al. (2019) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Fig. 11.1 General ANP structure. This figure was prepared by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Fig. 11.2 ANP model structure in network structure. This figure was prepared by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Fig. 11.3 Weights of alternatives. This figure was prepared by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Fig. 11.4 Results and network structure. This figure was prepared by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Fig. 11.5 Priorities of sub-criteria. This figure was prepared by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 184
Fig. 11.6 The weights of main criteria. This figure was prepared by the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Fig. 12.1 The relationship between working concepts and each other (author) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 194
Fig. 12.2 TUSIAD (Turkish Industry and Business Association).
Source Türkiye’nin Sanayi 4.0 Dönü¸sümü, Yayın No: TÜS˙IADT/2016-03/576. https://tusiad.org/tr/yayinlar/
raporlar/item/8671-turkiyenin-sanayi-40-donusumu, (Accessed on June 15th, 2020) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Fig. 12.3 Things Industry 4.0 Depends on (Source Görçün 2017, 146) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Fig. 12.4 Historical phases and basic structures of logistics activity. Source Karagöz (2020, 41) . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 209
Fig. 12.5 Benefit chain with Logistics 4.0 Discipline (Yılmaz and Duman 2018, p. 190) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Fig. 13.1 Industry 4.0 Concept (Barreto et al. 2017) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Fig. 13.2 Evolution Process of Logistics (Wang 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Fig. 13.3 Available payment methods (Peczak 2016; Brzozowska 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Fig. 13.4 Supply Chain Finance Paradigm (Cosse 2011; Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Fig. 13.5 Supply Chain of Bikes (Wisner 2009; Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . 226
Fig. 13.6 Balance sheets of Tier 1, Tier 2, and Focal Company in USD-Area (Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Fig. 13.7 A model of control (Slack 2011; Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Fig. 13.8 Conceptual Model: Working Capital Influencing EVA (Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Fig. 13.9 The Role of the Banks and the Focal Company in the Managing Supply Chain Finance (Steeman 2013; Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . . 230
Fig. 13.10 SCF Instruments (Boor De 2015; Jansen 2016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Fig. 14.1 Big Data (Information Explosion) Process (Arıkan 2016) . . . . . 242
Fig. 15.1 Evolution of the industrial revolution from industry 1.0 to industry 4.0. Source Zambon et al. (2019: 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Fig. 15.2 Industry 4.0 vision. Source Flynn et al. (2017: 240) . . . . . . . . . . 257
Fig. 15.3 Micro perspective of industry 4.0. Source Stock and Seliger (2016: 538) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Fig. 15.4 Industry 4.0 Related Technologies. Source Hallward-Driemeier & Nayyar, Trouble in the Making?
The Future of Manufacturing-Led Development (2018: 95) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Fig. 15.5 Phases of logistics evolution. Source Yilmaz and Duman (2019: 192) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269